Hard Processor System Technical Reference Manual Agilex™ 5 SoCs - Agilex 5 SoC FPGA provides an Arm Cortex -A76 and Arm Cortex -A55 Core MPU Hard Processor System with a variety of hard IP, dedicated I/O, and direct external memory access. - 2026-04-06
Version
26.1
Product Type
Device Families > Agilex Families > Agilex 5
Device Families > Agilex Families > Agilex 5 > D-Series
Device Families > Agilex Families > Agilex 5 > E-Series
Device Families > Agilex Families
Resource Type
Documentation > Reference Manual
Documentation > User Guides
Source Name
DITA
1. Agilex™ 5 Hard Processor System Technical Reference Manual Revision History
1.1. Introduction to the HPS Revision History
1.2. MPU Revision History
1.3. CCU Revision History
1.4. GIC Revision History
1.5. SMMU Revision History
1.6. On-Chip RAM Revision History
1.7. EMAC Revision History
1.8. DMA Controller Revision History
1.9. NAND Flash Controller Revision History
1.10. SD/eMMC Revision History
1.11. Combo DLL PHY Revision History
1.12. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Revision History
1.13. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Revision History
1.14. I3C Controller Revision History
1.15. I2C Controller Revision History
1.16. SPI Controller Revision History
1.17. Timers Revision History
1.18. Watchdog Timers Revision History
1.19. UART Controller Revision History
1.20. GPIO Revision History
1.21. I/O Pin Multiplexing Revision History
1.22. System Manager Revision History
1.23. Clock Manager Revision History
1.24. Reset Manager Revision History
1.25. Power Management Revision History
1.26. Address Map Revision History
1.27. Bridges Revision History
1.28. HPS Mailbox Revision History
1.29. MPFE and MPFE-lite Revision History
1.30. EMAC GMII through FPGA Fabric Revision History
1.31. System Interconnect and Firewalls Revision History
1.32. ECC Controller Revision History
1.33. CoreSight Debug and Trace Revision History
1.34. HPS Register Map Revision History
1.35. Booting and Configuration Revision History
1.36. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Revision History
1.37. Security Revision History
1.38. Operational Status of the HPS to the FPGA Logic Revision History
2. Introduction to the Hard Processor System
2.1. HPS Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
2.2. HPS Features
2.3. HPS System Integration
2.3.1. HPS Block Diagram
2.3.2. MPU Features
2.3.2.1. Arm Cortex -A76 Core Features
2.3.2.2. Arm Cortex -A55 Core Features
2.3.2.3. Arm DynamIQ Shared Unit Features
2.3.3. Application Processor Subsystem
2.3.3.1. CCU Features
2.3.3.2. GIC Features
2.3.3.3. SMMU Features
2.3.3.4. On-Chip RAM Features
2.3.4. Peripheral Subsystem
2.3.4.1. EMAC Features
2.3.4.1.1. XGMAC Core
2.3.4.1.2. Time Sensitive Networking
2.3.4.1.3. MAC Transaction Layer
2.3.4.1.4. DMA
2.3.4.1.5. Management Interface
2.3.4.1.6. Synchronized Multidrop Timestamp Gathering Hub
2.3.4.1.7. External Memory
2.3.4.1.8. PHY Interface
2.3.4.2. DMA Controller Features
2.3.4.3. NAND Flash Controller Features
2.3.4.4. Combo DLL PHY Features
2.3.4.5. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Features
2.3.4.6. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Features
2.3.4.7. I3C Controller Features
2.3.4.8. I2C Controller Features
2.3.4.9. SPI Controller Features
2.3.4.10. Timers Features
2.3.4.11. Watchdog Timers Features
2.3.4.12. UART Controller Features
2.3.4.13. GPIO Features
2.3.4.14. I/O Pin Multiplexing Features
2.3.5. System Manager Features
2.3.6. Clock Manager Features
2.3.7. Reset Manager Features
2.3.8. Bridges Features
2.3.9. System Interconnect and Firewalls Features
2.3.10. ECC Controller Features
2.3.11. CoreSight Debug and Trace Features
2.4. HPS IP Revisions
2.5. HPS Address Map and Register Definitions
3. Micro Processor Unit (MPU)
3.1. MPU Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
3.2. MPU Use Cases
3.3. MPU Features
3.4. MPU System Integration
3.5. MPU Arm Cortex -A76 Core
3.5.1. Arm Cortex -A76 Core Features
3.5.2. System Integration of the Arm Cortex -A76 Core
3.5.3. Functional Description of the Arm Cortex-A76 Core
3.5.3.1. Cortex -A76 Core Configuration
3.5.3.2. Exception Levels
3.5.3.2.1. Security State
3.5.3.2.2. Security Model
3.5.3.3. Virtualization
3.5.3.4. Memory Management Unit
3.5.3.4.1. Translation Lookaside Buffer
3.5.3.4.2. Translation Match Process
3.5.3.4.3. Translation Table Walks
3.5.3.5. Level 1 Memory System
3.5.3.5.1. Instruction Cache
3.5.3.5.2. Data Cache
3.5.3.5.3. Data Prefetching
3.5.3.6. Level 2 Memory System
3.5.3.7. Generic Interrupt Controller CPU Interface
3.5.3.8. Advanced Single Instruction Multiple Data and Floating Point Support
3.5.3.9. Cryptographic Extensions
3.5.3.10. Generic Timer
3.5.3.11. Cache Protection
3.5.3.11.1. Uncorrected Errors and Data Poisoning
3.5.3.11.2. Reliability, Availability, and Serviceability Error Types
3.5.3.11.3. Error Recording
3.5.3.11.4. Error Injection
3.5.3.12. Debug
3.5.3.12.1. Breakpoints and Watchpoints
3.5.3.12.2. Performance Monitoring Unit
3.5.3.12.3. Activity Monitor Unit
3.5.3.12.4. Embedded Trace Macrocell
3.6. MPU Arm Cortex -A55 Core
3.6.1. Arm Cortex -A55 Core Features
3.6.2. System Integration of the Arm Cortex -A55 Core
3.6.3. Functional Description of the Arm Cortex -A55 Core
3.6.3.1. Cortex -A55 Core Configuration
3.6.3.2. Exception Levels
3.6.3.2.1. Security State
3.6.3.2.2. Security Model
3.6.3.3. Virtualization
3.6.3.4. Memory Management Unit
3.6.3.4.1. Translation Lookaside Buffer
3.6.3.4.2. Translation Match Process
3.6.3.4.3. Translation Table Walks
3.6.3.5. Level 1 Memory System
3.6.3.6. Level 2 Memory System
3.6.3.7. Generic Interrupt Controller CPU Interface
3.6.3.8. Data Processing Unit
3.6.3.9. Generic Timer
3.6.3.10. Cache Protection
3.6.3.10.1. Uncorrected Errors and Data Poisoning
3.6.3.10.2. Reliability, Availability and Serviceability Error Types
3.6.3.10.3. Error Reporting
3.6.3.10.4. Error Injection
3.6.3.11. Debug
3.6.3.11.1. Breakpoints and Watchpoints
3.6.3.11.2. Performance Monitoring Unit
3.6.3.11.3. Embedded Trace Macrocell
3.7. MPU Arm DynamIQ Shared Unit
3.7.1. Arm DynamIQ Shared Unit Features
3.7.2. System Integration of the Arm DynamIQ Shared Unit
3.7.3. Functional Description of the Arm DynamIQ Shared Unit
3.7.3.1. DSU Configuration
3.7.3.2. Level 3 Cache
3.7.3.2.1. Cache Allocation Policy
3.7.3.2.2. Cache Partitioning
3.7.3.2.3. Cache Stashing
3.7.3.2.4. Cache Data RAM Latency
3.7.3.2.5. Cache Slices and Portions
3.7.3.3. Interfaces
3.7.3.4. Debug
3.7.3.4.1. DebugBlock
3.7.3.4.2. Embedded Cross Trigger
3.7.3.4.3. Performance Monitoring Unit
3.8. MPU Clock Domains
3.9. MPU Reset Domains
3.10. MPU Power Domains
3.11. MPU Address Map and Register Definitions
4. Application Processor Subsystem
4.1. Cache Coherency Unit (CCU)
4.1.1. CCU Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
4.1.2. CCU Use Cases
4.1.3. CCU Features
4.1.4. CCU System Integration
4.1.5. CCU Functional Description
4.1.5.1. Block Diagram
4.1.5.1.1. Coherent Agent Interface Unit (CAIU)
4.1.5.1.2. Non-coherent Agent Interface Unit (NCAIU)
4.1.5.1.3. Distributed Coherence Engine (DCE)
4.1.5.1.4. Distributed Memory Interface (DMI)
4.1.5.1.5. Distributed Virtual Memory Engine (DVE)
4.1.5.1.6. Distributed I/O Interface (DII)
4.1.5.2. Ports
4.1.5.2.1. DSU CHI-B Initiator Port
4.1.5.2.2. F2H ACE5-Lite Initiator Port
4.1.5.2.3. GIC_M ACE4-Lite Initiator Port
4.1.5.2.4. TCU ACE5-Lite+DVM Initiator Port
4.1.5.2.5. CCU_IOM ACE5-Lite Initiator Port
4.1.5.2.6. CCU_DMI0, CCU_DMI1 1AXI4 Target Ports
4.1.5.2.7. CCU_IOS AXI Target Port
4.1.5.2.8. MPFE CSR AXI Target Port
4.1.5.2.9. GIC AXI Target Port
4.1.5.2.10. OCRAM AXI Target Port
4.1.5.3. Cache Coherency Protocol
4.1.5.3.1. Coherent Read Request
4.1.5.3.2. Coherent Clean Request
4.1.5.3.3. Coherent Write Request
4.1.5.4. Addressing and Memory Regions
4.1.5.4.1. Ncore Register Space
4.1.5.4.2. General Purpose Address Space
4.1.5.4.2.1. Address Map When Using a Single SDRAM Channel
4.1.5.4.2.2. Address Map When Using Multiple SDRAM Channels
4.1.5.4.3. Boot Address Space
4.1.5.4.4. Interleaving
4.1.5.5. Connectivity
4.1.5.6. Snoop Filters
4.1.5.7. System Memory Cache
4.1.5.8. Credits and Resources
4.1.5.9. Quality of Service
4.1.5.10. Storage Protection
4.1.5.11. Exclusive Monitors
4.1.5.12. Firewall and Security
4.1.5.12.1. OCRAM Firewall
4.1.5.12.2. GIC Firewall
4.1.5.12.3. Service Network Access
4.1.5.12.4. AXI APROT Tunneling
4.1.5.13. Interrupts
4.1.5.14. Clocks
4.1.5.15. Resets
4.1.5.15.1. Q-Channel
4.1.5.16. Power Management
4.1.5.17. Shutdown of Interfaces
4.1.5.18. Error Handling
4.1.5.18.1. Correctable Errors
4.1.5.18.2. Uncorrectable Errors
4.1.5.19. CCU Restrictions
4.1.5.19.1. CHI Support
4.1.5.19.2. AXI and ACE Support
4.1.5.19.3. Ordering Support
4.1.6. CCU Programming Model
4.1.6.1. CCU Initialization
4.1.6.1.1. Address Space Configuration
4.1.6.1.2. SMC Configuration
4.1.6.2. Boot Region CSR Default Settings
4.1.6.3. Error Registers
4.1.7. CCU Address Map and Register Definitions
4.2. Generic Interrupt Controller (GIC)
4.2.1. GIC Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
4.2.2. GIC Features
4.2.3. GIC System Integration
4.2.4. GIC Functional Description
4.2.4.1. Types of Interrupts
4.2.4.2. Clock Domains
4.2.4.3. Reset Domains
4.2.5. GIC Programming Model
4.2.5.1. GIC Shared Peripheral Interrupts Map for the SoC HPS
4.2.6. GIC Address Map and Register Definitions
4.2.7. GIC Design Guidelines and Examples
4.2.7.1. Guidelines for Interrupt request from FPGA2HPS and GPIOs
4.3. System Memory Management Unit (SMMU)
4.3.1. SMMU Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
4.3.2. SMMU Use Cases
4.3.3. SMMU Features
4.3.3.1. DTI Interface for TCU
4.3.3.2. Stage2 Translation
4.3.3.3. TLB
4.3.3.4. Bypass Mode
4.3.3.5. APB4 Programming Interface
4.3.4. SMMU System Integration
4.3.4.1. TBU Instances
4.3.4.2. DTI Interconnect Topology
4.3.4.3. MMU-600 interfaces
4.3.4.3.1. TCU Interfaces
4.3.4.3.1.1. APB4 Programming Interface
4.3.4.3.1.2. ACE5-Lite Manager for Table walk and DVM for TCU
4.3.4.3.1.3. LPI Interfaces for TCU
4.3.4.3.1.4. DTI Interface for TCU
4.3.4.3.1.5. SYSCO Interface for TCU
4.3.4.3.1.6. PMU snapshot Interface for TCU
4.3.4.3.2. TBU Interfaces
4.3.4.3.2.1. ACE5-Lite Subordinate Interface
4.3.4.3.2.2. ACE5-Lite Manager Interface
4.3.4.3.2.3. DTI interface for TBU
4.3.4.3.2.4. LPI Interfaces for TBU
4.3.4.3.2.5. Interrupt Interfaces for TBU
4.3.4.3.3. DTI Interconnect Interfaces
4.3.4.3.3.1. DTI Interconnect Switch Interfaces
4.3.4.3.3.2. DTI Interconnect Sizer Interfaces
4.3.4.3.3.3. DTI Interconnect Register Slice Interfaces
4.3.4.4. IP Configuration
4.3.4.4.1. MMU-600 TCU Hardware Configuration
4.3.4.4.2. MMU-600 TBU Hardware Configurations
4.3.4.4.3. MMU-600 DTI Switch Hardware Configuration
4.3.4.4.4. MMU-600 DTI Async Bridge configuration
4.3.5. SMMU Signal Description
4.3.5.1. MMU-600 TCU Configuration Signals
4.3.5.2. MMU-600 TBU Configuration Signals
4.3.5.3. TBU with Cache Stashing
4.3.5.4. TBU with Untranslated Interface
4.3.6. SMMU Functional Description
4.3.6.1. Block Diagram
4.3.6.2. Functional Blocks
4.3.6.3. Functional Modes
4.3.6.3.1. Address Translation
4.3.6.3.2. Stage1 Translation
4.3.6.3.3. Stage2 Translation
4.3.6.3.4. TLB
4.3.6.3.5. Bypass Mode
4.3.6.4. Interrupts
4.3.6.4.1. Interrupt Interfaces for TBU
4.3.7. SMMU Programming Model
4.3.7.1. Initializing the SMMU
4.3.7.2. Assigning Stream IDs
4.3.7.3. Allocating the Command Queue
4.3.7.4. Allocating the Event Queue
4.3.7.5. Configuring the Stream Table
4.3.7.6. Initializing the Command Queue
4.3.7.7. Initializing the Event Queue
4.3.7.8. Invalidate TLBs and Configuration caches
4.3.7.9. Create Context Descriptor
4.3.7.10. Creating Stream Table Entry
4.3.7.11. Enabling the SMMU
4.3.8. SMMU Address Map and Register Definitions
4.3.8.1. TBU Private Registers
4.3.8.1.1. TBU Stash Control Register[m][n]
4.3.8.1.2. TBU Stream Control Register[m][n]
4.3.8.1.3. TBU Stream ID Ax Register[m][n]
4.3.9. SMMU Design Guidelines and Examples
4.3.9.1. F2SDRAM_TBU Special Handling
4.3.9.2. Translation Table Walk Sequence
4.3.9.2.1. Calculating Page Table Walks
4.4. On-Chip RAM
4.4.1. On-Chip RAM Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
4.4.2. On-Chip RAM Use Cases
4.4.3. On-Chip RAM Features
4.4.4. On-Chip RAM Functional Description
4.4.4.1. Read and Write Double-Bit Bus Errors
4.4.4.2. On-Chip RAM Controller
4.4.4.3. On-Chip RAM Burst Support
4.4.4.4. Exclusive Access Support
4.4.4.5. Sub-word Accesses
4.4.4.5.1. Pipeline and Timing
4.4.4.6. On-Chip RAM Clocks
4.4.4.7. On-Chip RAM Resets
4.4.4.8. On-Chip RAM Initialization
4.4.4.9. ECC Protection
4.4.5. On-Chip RAM Firewall
4.4.5.1. Region Configuration
4.4.5.2. Bootloader Support
4.4.6. On-Chip RAM Address Map and Register Definition
5. Peripheral Subsystem
5.1. Ethernet Media Access Controller
5.1.1. EMAC Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.1.2. EMAC Use Cases
5.1.3. EMAC Features
5.1.3.1. XGMAC Core
5.1.3.2. Time Sensitive Networking
5.1.3.3. MAC Transaction Layer
5.1.3.4. DMA
5.1.3.5. Management Interface
5.1.3.6. Synchronized Multidrop Timestamp Gathering Hub
5.1.3.7. External Memory
5.1.3.8. PHY Interface
5.1.4. EMAC System Integration
5.1.5. EMAC Signal Description and Interfaces
5.1.5.1. HPS EMAC I/O Signals
5.1.5.2. FPGA EMAC I/O Signals
5.1.5.3. PHY Management Interface
5.1.5.3.1. MDIO Interface
5.1.5.3.2. I2C External PHY Management Interface
5.1.5.4. SMTG Hub Signals and Interface
5.1.5.5. Timestamp Interface Signals
5.1.5.6. DMA Host Interface
5.1.5.7. System Manager Configuration Interface
5.1.6. EMAC Functional Description
5.1.6.1. External Memory
5.1.6.1.1. Transmit and Receive Data FIFO Buffers
5.1.6.1.2. TCP/IP Segmentation Offload Memory
5.1.6.1.3. Descriptor Cache Memory
5.1.6.1.4. Gate Control List Memory
5.1.6.2. DMA Controller
5.1.6.2.1. Application Bus Burst Access
5.1.6.2.2. Application Data Buffer Alignment
5.1.6.2.3. Buffer Size Calculations
5.1.6.2.4. DMA Descriptor Fetch Operation
5.1.6.2.5. DMA TX Data Transfer Operation
5.1.6.2.6. DMA RX Data Transfer Operation
5.1.6.2.7. DMA Descriptor Write-Back Operation
5.1.6.2.8. DMA Start/Stop Operation
5.1.6.2.9. Memory Cache Size Requirements
5.1.6.2.10. Memory Cache Access Arbitration
5.1.6.2.11. DMA Error Handling
5.1.6.2.11.1. TX DMA Bus Error Handling Flow
5.1.6.2.11.2. RX DMA Bus Error Handling Flow
5.1.6.3. Descriptor
5.1.6.3.1. Descriptor Structure
5.1.6.3.2. Descriptor Endianness
5.1.6.3.3. Transmit Descriptor
5.1.6.3.4. Receive Descriptor
5.1.6.3.5. Enhanced Descriptor for Time-Based Scheduling
5.1.6.3.6. Header Payload Split Support
5.1.6.4. Checksum Offload Engine (COE)
5.1.6.5. TCP Segmentation Offload
5.1.6.5.1. Description of the TSO Feature
5.1.6.5.2. DMA Operation with TSO Feature
5.1.6.5.3. TCP/IP Header Fields
5.1.6.5.4. Header and Payload Fields of Segmented Packets
5.1.6.5.5. Context Descriptor Sequence
5.1.6.6. Packet Filtering
5.1.6.6.1. Source Address or Destination Address Filtering
5.1.6.6.2. VLAN Filtering
5.1.6.6.3. Extended VLAN Filtering
5.1.6.6.4. Layer 3 and Layer 4 Match Filtering
5.1.6.7. Management Counter
5.1.6.8. Flow Control
5.1.6.8.1. Transmit Flow Control
5.1.6.8.2. Receive Flow Control
5.1.6.9. IEEE 1588-2008 Advanced Timestamp
5.1.6.9.1. Delay Request-Response Mechanism
5.1.6.9.2. Peer-to-Peer PTP Transparent Clock Message Support
5.1.6.9.3. Clock Types
5.1.6.9.4. Reference Timing Source
5.1.6.9.5. System Time Register Module
5.1.6.9.6. Transmit Path Functions
5.1.6.9.7. Receive Path Functions
5.1.6.10. TSN Features
5.1.6.10.1. Enhancements to Scheduled Traffic
5.1.6.10.2. Frame Preemption
5.1.6.10.3. Time-Based Scheduling
5.1.6.10.4. Credit Based Shaper
5.1.6.11. SMTG Hub Time of Day Synchronization
5.1.6.11.1. SMTG Hub Overview
5.1.6.11.2. SMTG Hub Logic
5.1.6.11.3. SMTG Hub Integration with the HPS and FPGA
5.1.6.12. Clocks
5.1.6.12.1. Clock Domain
5.1.6.13. Resets
5.1.6.13.1. EMAC ECC RAM Reset
5.1.6.13.2. EMAC Software Reset
5.1.6.14. Interrupts
5.1.7. EMAC Programming Model
5.1.7.1. System Level EMAC configurable Registers
5.1.7.1.1. System Manager Configurable Registers
5.1.7.1.2. Clock Manager Configurable Registers
5.1.7.1.3. Reset Manager Configurable Registers
5.1.7.2. EMAC HPS Interface Initialization
5.1.7.3. EMAC FPGA Interface Initialization
5.1.7.4. DMA Initialization
5.1.7.5. EMAC Initialization and Configuration
5.1.7.6. Performing Normal Receive and Transmit Operation
5.1.7.7. Stopping and Starting Transmission
5.1.7.8. Reconfiguring the DMA Registers
5.1.7.9. Switching to a New Descriptor List in the Receive DMA
5.1.7.10. Handling Bus Errors and Recovery
5.1.7.10.1. Transmit DMA Channel
5.1.7.10.2. Receive DMA Channel
5.1.7.11. Setting up TCP Segmentation Offload
5.1.7.12. Setting up VLAN Filtering on Receive
5.1.7.13. Setting up Extended VLAN Filtering
5.1.7.14. Setting up the L3-L4 Filtering
5.1.7.14.1. Writing to the Indirect Addressed Registers
5.1.7.14.2. Reading the Indirect Addressed Registers
5.1.7.15. Programming the SMTG Hub
5.1.7.16. Setting up the IEEE 1588 PTP Timestamping
5.1.7.16.1. Initialization Guidelines for System Time Generation
5.1.7.16.2. Coarse Correction Method
5.1.7.16.3. Fine-Correction Method
5.1.7.17. Programming Guidelines for Flexible Pulse-Per-Second (PPS) Output
5.1.7.17.1. Generating a Single Pulse on PPS
5.1.7.17.2. Generating a Pulse Train on PPS
5.1.7.17.3. Generating an Interrupt without Affecting the PPS
5.1.7.18. Programming the GCL and GCL Linked Registers
5.1.7.19. Programming Guidelines for EST
5.1.7.20. Enabling the Frame Preemption Function
5.1.7.20.1. Receive Side Programming
5.1.7.20.2. Transmit Side Programming
5.1.7.21. Setting up the Time-Based Scheduling Function
5.1.8. EMAC Address Map and Register Definitions
5.1.9. EMAC Design Guidelines and Examples
5.1.9.1. HPS RGMII System Integration
5.1.9.2. Interface to HPS I/O Pins
5.1.9.3. RGMII Clock Skew Guidelines
5.1.9.3.1. Use Case 1—Utilize Programmable HPS I/O Delay Feature
5.1.9.3.1.1. RGMII I/O Delay Tuning Guide
5.1.9.3.2. Use Case 2—Configure External PHY RGMII-Internal Delay (RGMII-ID)
5.1.9.3.3. Use Case 3—Introduce Board Trace Delay
5.2. DMA Controller
5.2.1. DMA Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.2.2. DMA Controller Use Cases
5.2.3. DMA Controller Features
5.2.4. DMA Controller System Integration
5.2.5. DMA Controller Functional Description
5.2.5.1. Flow Control
5.2.5.2. Handshaking Interface
5.2.5.3. Interrupt Outputs
5.2.5.4. DMA Controller Peripheral Request Interface
5.2.5.4.1. Peripheral Request Interface Mapping
5.2.6. DMA Controller Programming Model
5.2.6.1. Programming Flow for Shadow-Register-Based Multi-Block Transfer
5.2.6.2. Programming Flow for Linked-List-Based Multi-Block Transfer
5.2.6.3. Programming Flow for Single Block Transfer
5.2.7. DMA Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.3. NAND Flash Controller
5.3.1. NAND Flash Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.3.2. NAND Flash Controller Use Cases
5.3.3. NAND Flash Controller Features
5.3.4. NAND Flash Controller System Integration
5.3.5. NAND Flash Controller Signal Description
5.3.5.1. Device Discovery Interface
5.3.5.2. Write Protection Interface
5.3.5.3. Interrupt Interface
5.3.5.4. DFI Interface
5.3.6. NAND Flash Controller Functional Description
5.3.6.1. Block Diagram
5.3.6.2. Initialization Protocol (Device Discovery)
5.3.6.3. NAND Flash Addressing and Data Layout
5.3.6.3.1. NAND Flash Addressing
5.3.6.3.2. Data Layout
5.3.6.3.3. Layout Between Pages
5.3.6.4. Command Engine Functionality
5.3.6.4.1. Command Engine Architecture
5.3.6.4.2. CDMA Work Mode
5.3.6.4.2.1. Operation in CDMA Mode
5.3.6.4.2.2. Thread Synchronization Mechanism
5.3.6.4.2.3. NOP Descriptor
5.3.6.4.3. PIO Work Mode
5.3.6.4.3.1. Operation in PIO Work Mode
5.3.6.4.3.2. Last Operation Status
5.3.6.4.4. Generic Work Mode
5.3.6.4.4.1. Operation in Generic Work Mode
5.3.6.4.4.2. Last Operation Status
5.3.6.4.4.3. Switching To/From Generic Work Mode
5.3.6.4.5. Extended Functionality in Command Engine
5.3.6.4.5.1. LUN Interleaving
5.3.6.4.5.2. Multipage Commands
5.3.6.4.5.3. Cache Commands
5.3.6.4.5.4. Multi-plane Commands
5.3.6.4.5.5. Thread Reset Commands
5.3.6.4.5.6. Timeout Functionality
5.3.6.4.5.7. Support of TLC (pSLC Mode) Devices
5.3.6.5. ECC Engine Functionality
5.3.6.5.1. Error Correction
5.3.6.5.2. Sector Sizes
5.3.6.5.3. Bad Block Marker
5.3.6.5.4. Scrambling Support
5.3.6.5.5. Erased Page Detection Support
5.3.6.6. Control Data Mechanism
5.3.6.7. Remapping Mechanism
5.3.6.8. Write Protection Mechanism
5.3.6.9. Error and Special Scenarios Handling
5.3.6.9.1. Access to Protected Areas
5.3.6.9.2. Bus Error
5.3.6.9.3. NAND Device Error
5.3.6.9.4. Data Integrity Errors
5.3.6.9.5. ECC Errors
5.3.6.9.6. Descriptor/Command Error
5.3.6.9.7. DQS Error
5.3.6.9.8. Error Interrupt Generation
5.3.6.9.9. Recommended Error Handling Checking Software Flow
5.3.6.10. Controller Fixed Parameters and Clock Frequencies Supported
5.3.7. NAND Flash Controller Programming Model
5.3.7.1. NAND Controller Registers Programming Model
5.3.7.1.1. Programming SFR Registers
5.3.7.1.2. Programming Command Registers
5.3.7.2. Status Polling Configuration
5.3.7.3. Device Layout Configuration
5.3.7.4. Configure Multi-plane and Cache Operations
5.3.7.5. ECC Enabling
5.3.7.6. Interrupts Configuration
5.3.7.7. Configuring Timing Registers
5.3.7.8. Switch from SDR to DDR Operation Mode
5.3.7.9. Switch from DDR to SDR Operation Mode
5.3.7.10. Slave DMA Programming
5.3.7.11. Data Pre-Fetching Mechanism
5.3.7.12. Data Integrity Mechanism
5.3.7.13. Enabling pSLC Mode for the TLC Devices
5.3.8. NAND Flash Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.4. SD/eMMC Host Controller
5.4.1. SD/eMMC Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.4.2. SD/eMMC Use Cases
5.4.3. SD/eMMC Features
5.4.3.1. Supported Standards
5.4.3.2. SD Support
5.4.3.3. eMMC Support
5.4.3.4. DMA Support
5.4.4. SD/eMMC System Integration
5.4.5. SD/eMMC Signal Description
5.4.6. SD/eMMC Functional Description
5.4.6.1. Block Diagram
5.4.6.1.1. Bus Interface Unit
5.4.6.1.2. Reset Control Module
5.4.6.1.3. Synchronization Module
5.4.6.1.4. Response Module
5.4.6.1.5. FIFO Interface Unit
5.4.6.1.6. Card Interface Unit
5.4.6.1.7. System Requester Interface
5.4.6.1.8. System Manager Interface
5.4.6.1.9. Host Settings Interface
5.4.6.1.10. Command Queue Settings
5.4.6.2. Configuration
5.4.6.2.1. Host Capabilities
5.4.6.3. DMA Operation
5.4.6.3.1. SDMA Operation
5.4.6.3.2. ADMA2 Operation
5.4.6.3.3. ADMA3 Operation
5.4.6.3.4. DMA Errors
5.4.6.4. Clocks
5.4.6.5. Resets
5.4.6.5.1. Controller Software Reset
5.4.6.6. SD Voltage Switching
5.4.6.7. Timings on the SD/eMMC Interface
5.4.6.7.1. Tuning
5.4.6.7.1.1. Tuning Sequence for SD
5.4.6.7.1.2. Tuning Sequence for eMMC
5.4.6.8. Command Queuing
5.4.6.8.1. Optional Modes of Operation
5.4.6.8.2. Task Execution Order
5.4.7. SD/eMMC Programming Model
5.4.7.1. Combo PHY Register Interface
5.4.7.1.1. Read Access
5.4.7.1.2. Write Access
5.4.7.2. Pre-Initialization Sequence
5.4.7.3. Error Handling
5.4.7.3.1. Generic Operation Error Recovery
5.4.7.3.2. Command Queueing Error Recovery
5.4.7.3.3. Combo PHY Underrun/Overflow Error Recovery
5.4.8. SD/eMMC Address Map and Register Definitions
5.4.9. SD/eMMC Design Guidelines and Examples
5.4.9.1. SD Card Level Shifting
5.5. Combo DLL PHY
5.5.1. Combo DLL PHY Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.5.2. Combo DLL PHY Use Cases
5.5.3. Combo DLL PHY Features
5.5.4. Combo DLL PHY System Integration
5.5.5. Combo DLL PHY Signal Description
5.5.6. Combo DLL PHY Functional Description
5.5.6.1. Block Diagram
5.5.6.2. Operation Modes
5.5.6.3. Clocking
5.5.6.4. DLL Functionality
5.5.6.4.1. DLL Locking
5.5.6.5. Write Data Path
5.5.6.5.1. DQS Write Signal Generation
5.5.6.5.2. Output Enable Signal Generation
5.5.6.6. Read Data Path
5.5.6.6.1. Generation of Dynamic Termination Signal
5.5.6.6.2. Input Enable Signal Generation
5.5.6.7. Generation of CE#, CLE, ALE, WP#, and RE# signals
5.5.6.8. Resets
5.5.7. Combo DLL PHY Programming Model
5.5.7.1. Initialization Procedure
5.5.7.2. DLL Lock Debugging
5.5.7.3. DLL Secondary Delay Configuration
5.5.7.4. Handling FIFO DQS Overflow and Underrun
5.5.7.5. Tuning for SD/eMMC Interface
5.5.8. Combo DLL PHY Address Map and Register Definitions
5.6. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller
5.6.1. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.6.2. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Use Cases
5.6.3. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Features
5.6.3.1. Unsupported Features
5.6.4. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller System Integration
5.6.5. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Functional Description
5.6.5.1. Manager Interface
5.6.5.1.1. AXI Manager Interface
5.6.5.2. AHB Subordinate Interface
5.6.5.3. Application interface Unit
5.6.5.4. Bus Management Unit
5.6.5.5. Packet FIFO Controller
5.6.5.6. RAM
5.6.5.7. MAC
5.6.5.8. DMA
5.6.5.8.1. Reception Flow Details
5.6.5.8.2. Transmission Flow Details
5.6.5.9. Loopback
5.6.5.9.1. Software Loopback Mode
5.6.5.9.2. BIST Loopback Mode
5.6.5.10. PHY Interfaces
5.6.5.10.1. USB 2.0 ULPI PHY
5.6.5.10.1.1. Signals
5.6.5.10.2. PIPE Interface
5.6.5.10.2.1. IO Connection
5.6.5.10.3. USB 3.1 Mode-Switch Controller
5.6.5.10.4. USB Type-C Receptacle
5.6.5.10.5. Performance
5.6.5.10.6. Maximum USB Bandwidth
5.6.5.11. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Clocks
5.6.5.11.1. Clock Enable
5.6.5.11.2. Clock Gating
5.6.5.12. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Resets
5.6.5.12.1. Reset Requirements
5.6.5.12.2. Software Resets
5.6.5.12.3. Warm Reset
5.6.6. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Programming Model
5.6.6.1. Programming Controller in Host Mode
5.6.6.1.1. Initialization Phase
5.6.6.1.2. Host Controller Capability Registers
5.6.6.1.3. Programming Model
5.6.6.1.4. Device Initialization
5.6.6.2. Programming Controller in Device Mode
5.6.6.2.1. Device Power-on or Soft Reset
5.6.6.2.2. Initialization on USB Reset
5.6.6.2.3. Initialization on Connect Done
5.6.6.2.4. Initialization on SetAddress Request
5.6.6.2.5. Initialization on SetConfiguration or SetInterface Request
5.6.6.2.6. Agilex™ 5 Programming Model
5.6.6.2.7. Controller as Host
5.6.7. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.6.8. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Design Guidelines and Examples
5.6.8.1. USB 3.1 Gen1 Controller Wakeup and Power Control
5.7. USB 2.0 OTG Controller
5.7.1. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.7.2. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Use Cases
5.7.3. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Features
5.7.4. USB 2.0 OTG Controller System Integration
5.7.4.1. USB 2.0 ULPI PHY Signal Description
5.7.5. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Functional Description
5.7.5.1. Distributed Virtual Memory Support
5.7.5.2. Initiator Interface
5.7.5.3. Target Interface
5.7.5.4. USB OTG Controller Components
5.7.5.4.1. Application Interface Unit
5.7.5.4.2. Packet FIFO Controller
5.7.5.4.3. SPRAM
5.7.5.4.4. MAC
5.7.5.4.4.1. USB Transactions
5.7.5.4.4.2. Host Protocol
5.7.5.4.4.3. Device Protocol
5.7.5.4.4.4. OTG Protocol
5.7.5.4.5. Wakeup and Power Control
5.7.5.4.6. PHY Interface Unit
5.7.5.5. DMA
5.7.5.6. Local Memory Buffer
5.7.5.7. Clocks
5.7.5.7.1. Clock Gating
5.7.5.8. Resets
5.7.5.8.1. Reset Requirements
5.7.5.8.2. Hardware Reset
5.7.5.8.3. Software Reset
5.7.5.8.4. Taking the USB 2.0 OTG Controller Out of Reset
5.7.5.9. Interrupts
5.7.6. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Programming Model
5.7.6.1. Enabling SPRAM ECCs
5.7.6.2. Host Initialization
5.7.6.3. Host Transaction
5.7.6.4. Device Initialization
5.7.6.5. Device Transaction
5.7.6.5.1. IN Transactions
5.7.6.5.2. OUT Transactions
5.7.6.5.3. Control Transfers
5.7.7. USB 2.0 OTG Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.8. I3C Controller
5.8.1. I3C Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.8.2. I3C Controller Use Cases
5.8.3. I3C Controller Features
5.8.4. I3C Controller System Integration
5.8.5. I3C Controller Signal Description
5.8.5.1. Interface to HPS I/O
5.8.5.2. FPGA Routing
5.8.6. I3C Controller Functional Description
5.8.6.1. Device Address
5.8.6.2. In-Band Interrupt (IBI)
5.8.6.3. Simple-Transfer DMA (SDMA) Handshake
5.8.6.4. Interrupts in I3C Controller
5.8.6.5. Overview of Master Role in I3C
5.8.6.5.1. Dynamic Address Assignment (DAA)
5.8.6.5.1.1. SETDASA (Format 1: Primary)
5.8.6.5.1.2. SETDASA (Format 2: Point-to-Point)
5.8.6.5.1.3. ENTDAA
5.8.6.5.1.4. SETAASA
5.8.6.5.2. In-Band Interrupt (IBI) Detection and Handling
5.8.6.5.3. I3C Slave Interrupt Request (SIR)
5.8.6.5.3.1. SIR Response Control
5.8.6.5.4. Disabling I3C Master
5.8.6.5.5. Aborting Transfers of I3C Master
5.8.6.5.6. I3C Master Request (MR)
5.8.6.5.6.1. MR Response Control
5.8.6.5.7. Master Command Data Structures
5.8.6.5.7.1. Transfer Command Data Structure
5.8.6.5.7.2. Transfer Argument Data Structure
5.8.6.5.7.3. Short Data Argument Data Structure
5.8.6.5.7.4. Address Assignment Command Data Structure
5.8.6.5.8. Response Data Structure
5.8.6.5.9. Operation Modes of I3C Controller
5.8.6.5.9.1. Single Data Rate (SDR) Transfers in Master Mode
5.8.6.5.9.2. Broadcast CCC Write Transfers
5.8.6.5.9.3. Directed Write and Read Transfers
5.8.6.5.9.4. Directed CCC Transfer Targeted to Multiple Slaves
5.8.6.5.9.5. I3C Private Write or Read Transfers
5.8.6.5.9.6. I2C Private Write or Read Transfers
5.8.6.5.9.7. Implication of TX-FIFO Empty and RX-FIFO Full Conditions
5.8.6.5.9.8. Implication of TOC and ROC Bit Settings for SDR Transfers
5.8.6.5.10. SCL Generation and Timings Based on Bus Configuration
5.8.6.5.11. Derivation of I3C/I2C Timing Parameters from Timing Registers
5.8.6.5.12. Error Detection
5.8.6.5.12.1. Detecting Error Type in the Processed Commands
5.8.6.5.12.2. SDR Error Detection and Recovery Methods
5.8.6.5.13. Defining Byte Support
5.8.6.5.14. Broadcast CCCs in I2C Speed
5.8.6.5.15. BUS RESET Generation DMA Controller Interface
5.8.6.6. Overview of Slave Role in I3C
5.8.6.6.1. Description of the Slave Role in I3C
5.8.6.6.2. I3C versus I2C Role Selection
5.8.6.6.3. Slave Role Related Registers
5.8.6.6.4. Handling Address Assignment
5.8.6.6.5. CCC Transfers with I3C Slave
5.8.6.6.6. Private Data Transfers
5.8.6.6.6.1. Overview of Private Data Transfers
5.8.6.6.7. Handling Private Transmit (Master Read) Transfers
5.8.6.6.8. Slave Interrupt Request Generation
5.8.6.6.9. Master Request Generation
5.8.6.6.10. Disabling I3C Slave
5.8.6.6.11. Data Structure in I3C Slave
5.8.6.6.11.1. Transmit Command Data Structure
5.8.6.6.11.2. Response Data Structure
5.8.7. I3C Controller Programming Model
5.8.7.1. Initializing Common Registers
5.8.7.1.1. Programming Threshold Control Registers
5.8.7.1.2. Programming Interrupt Related Registers
5.8.7.2. Initializing Master Registers
5.8.7.2.1. Programming DEVICE_ADDR Register
5.8.7.2.2. Programming Timing Registers
5.8.7.3. Enabling the Controller
5.8.7.4. Master Mode Operation
5.8.7.4.1. Slave Address Assignment
5.8.7.4.1.1. ENTDAA Transfer
5.8.7.4.1.2. Issue SETDASA CCC Command
5.8.7.4.2. Receiving IBI (All Types)
5.8.7.4.3. CCC Read/Write Transfers
5.8.7.4.3.1. Broadcast CCC Transfer in Master Mode
5.8.7.4.3.2. Directed CCC Transfer in Master Mode
5.8.7.4.4. Private Read/Write Transfers
5.8.7.4.5. Programming Flow to Prepare the Controller to Switch to Master Mode
5.8.7.5. Initializing Slave Registers
5.8.7.5.1. Programming Interrupt Related Registers
5.8.7.6. Slave Mode Operation
5.8.7.6.1. Private Receive (Master Write) Transfers in Slave Mode
5.8.7.6.2. Private Transmit (Master Read) Transfers in Slave Mode
5.8.7.6.3. Programming Flow for Generating Slave Interrupt Request
5.8.7.6.4. Programming Flow for Generating Master Request
5.8.7.6.5. Programming Flow to Prepare the Controller to Switch to Master Mode
5.8.7.6.6. Command Pipeline and Aggregation of Response Queue Threshold Interrupt
5.8.7.6.7. Error Recovery Flow
5.8.7.6.7.1. S0–S5 Error Handling
5.8.7.6.8. CCC Updated Interrupt Flow
5.8.7.6.9. Flow for Disable and TX/RX/CMD/Response Queue Reset
5.8.7.7. DMA Controller Operation
5.8.8. I3C Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.8.9. I3C Controller Design Guidelines and Examples
5.8.9.1. Guidelines for External SDA and SCL Signals via HPS I/O in the Board Design
5.8.9.2. Guidelines for External SDA and SCL Signals via FPGA I/O in the Board Design
5.8.9.2.1. I3C Interface Design Guidelines
5.9. I2C Controller
5.9.1. I2C Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.9.2. I2C Controller Use Cases
5.9.3. I2C Controller Features
5.9.4. I2C Controller System Integration
5.9.5. I2C Controller Signal Description
5.9.6. I2C Controller Functional Description
5.9.6.1. Feature Usage
5.9.6.2. Behavior
5.9.6.2.1. START and STOP Generation
5.9.6.2.2. Combined Formats
5.9.6.3. Protocol Details
5.9.6.3.1. START and STOP Conditions
5.9.6.3.2. Addressing Slave Protocol
5.9.6.3.3. Transmitting and Receiving Protocol
5.9.6.3.4. START BYTE Transfer Protocol
5.9.6.4. Multiple Master Arbitration
5.9.6.4.1. Clock Synchronization
5.9.6.5. Clock Frequency Configuration
5.9.6.5.1. Minimum High and Low Counts
5.9.6.5.1.1. Calculating High and Low Counts
5.9.6.6. SDA Hold Time
5.9.6.7. DMA Controller Interface
5.9.6.8. Clocks
5.9.6.9. Resets
5.9.6.9.1. Taking the I2C Controller Out of Reset
5.9.7. I2C Controller Programming Model
5.9.7.1. Slave Mode Operation
5.9.7.1.1. Initial Configuration
5.9.7.1.2. Slave-Transmitter Operation for a Single Byte
5.9.7.1.3. Slave-Receiver Operation for a Single Byte
5.9.7.1.4. Slave-Transfer Operation for Bulk Transfers
5.9.7.1.5. Slave Programming Model
5.9.7.2. Master Mode Operation
5.9.7.2.1. Initial Configuration
5.9.7.2.2. Dynamic IC_TAR or IC_10BITADDR_MASTER Update
5.9.7.2.3. Master Transmit and Master Receive
5.9.7.2.4. Master Programming Model
5.9.7.3. Disabling the I2C Controller
5.9.7.4. Abort Transfer
5.9.7.5. DMA Controller Operation
5.9.7.5.1. Transmit FIFO Underflow
5.9.7.5.2. Transmit Watermark Level
5.9.7.5.3. Transmit FIFO Overflow
5.9.7.5.4. Receive FIFO Overflow
5.9.7.5.5. Receive Watermark Level
5.9.7.5.6. Receive FIFO Underflow
5.9.8. I2C Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.9.9. I2C Controller Design Guidelines and Examples
5.9.9.1. I2C Interface Design Guidelines
5.10. SPI Controller
5.10.1. SPI Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.10.2. SPI Controller Use Cases
5.10.3. SPI Controller Features
5.10.4. SPI Controller System Integration
5.10.5. SPI Controller Signal Description
5.10.5.1. Interface to HPS I/O
5.10.5.2. FPGA Routing
5.10.6. SPI Controller Functional Description
5.10.6.1. Protocol Details and Standards Compliance
5.10.6.2. Overview
5.10.6.3. Serial Bit-Rate Clocks
5.10.6.3.1. SPI Master Bit-Rate Clock
5.10.6.3.2. SPI Slave Bit-Rate Clock
5.10.6.4. Transmit and Receive FIFO Buffers
5.10.6.5. SPI Interrupts
5.10.6.6. Transfer Modes
5.10.6.6.1. Transmit and Receive
5.10.6.6.2. Transmit Only
5.10.6.6.3. Receive Only
5.10.6.6.4. EEPROM Read
5.10.6.7. SPI Master
5.10.6.7.1. Glue Logic for Master Port ss_in_n
5.10.6.7.2. Multi-Master System
5.10.6.7.3. RXD Sample Delay
5.10.6.7.4. Data Transfers
5.10.6.7.5. Master SPI and SSP Serial Transfers
5.10.6.7.6. Master Microwire Serial Transfers
5.10.6.8. SPI Slave
5.10.6.8.1. Slave SPI and SSP Serial Transfers
5.10.6.8.2. Serial Transfers
5.10.6.9. Partner Connection Interfaces
5.10.6.9.1. Motorola SPI Protocol
5.10.6.9.2. Texas Instruments Synchronous Serial Protocol (SSP)
5.10.6.9.3. National Semiconductor Microwire Protocol
5.10.6.10. DMA Controller Interface
5.10.6.11. Slave Interface
5.10.6.11.1. Control and Status Register Access
5.10.6.11.2. Data Register Access
5.10.6.12. Clocks and Resets
5.10.6.12.1. Clock Gating
5.10.6.12.2. Taking the SPI Controller Out of Reset
5.10.7. SPI Controller Programming Model
5.10.7.1. Master SPI and SSP Serial Transfers
5.10.7.2. Master Microwire Serial Transfers
5.10.7.3. Slave SPI and SSP Serial Transfers
5.10.7.4. Slave Microwire Serial Transfers
5.10.7.5. Software Control for Slave Selection
5.10.7.5.1. Example: Slave Selection Software Flow for SPI Master
5.10.7.5.2. Example: Slave Selection Software Flow for SPI Slave
5.10.7.6. DMA Controller Operation
5.10.7.6.1. Transmit FIFO Buffer Underflow
5.10.7.6.2. Transmit FIFO Watermark
5.10.7.6.2.1. Example 1: Transmit FIFO Watermark Level = 64
5.10.7.6.2.2. Example 2: Transmit FIFO Watermark Level = 192
5.10.7.6.3. Transmit FIFO Buffer Overflow
5.10.7.6.4. Receive FIFO Buffer Overflow
5.10.7.6.5. Choosing Receive Watermark Level
5.10.7.6.6. Receive FIFO Buffer Underflow
5.10.8. SPI Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.11. Timers
5.11.1. Timers Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.11.2. Timers Use Cases
5.11.3. Timers Features
5.11.4. Timers System Integration
5.11.5. Timers Functional Description
5.11.5.1. Clocks
5.11.5.2. Resets
5.11.5.3. Interrupts
5.11.6. Timers Programming Model
5.11.6.1. Initialization
5.11.6.2. Enabling the Timers
5.11.6.3. Disabling the Timers
5.11.6.4. Loading the Timers Countdown Value
5.11.6.5. Timers Servicing Interrupts
5.11.6.5.1. Clearing the Interrupt
5.11.6.5.2. Checking the Interrupt Status
5.11.6.5.3. Masking the Interrupt
5.11.7. Timers Address Map and Register Definitions
5.12. Watchdog Timers
5.12.1. Watchdog Timers Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.12.2. Watchdog Timers Use Cases
5.12.3. Watchdog Timers Features
5.12.4. Watchdog Timers System Integration
5.12.5. Watchdog Timers Functional Description
5.12.5.1. Watchdog Timers Counter
5.12.5.2. Watchdog Timers Pause Mode
5.12.5.3. Watchdog Timers Clocks
5.12.5.4. Watchdog Timers Resets
5.12.6. Watchdog Timers Programming Model
5.12.6.1. Setting the Timeout Period Values
5.12.6.2. Selecting the Output Response Mode
5.12.6.3. Enabling and Initially Starting a Watchdog Timers
5.12.6.4. Reloading a Watchdog Counter
5.12.6.5. Pausing a Watchdog Timers
5.12.6.6. Disabling and Stopping a Watchdog Timers
5.12.6.7. Watchdog Timers State Machine
5.12.7. Watchdog Timers Address Map and Register Definitions
5.13. UART Controller
5.13.1. UART Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.13.2. UART Controller Use Cases
5.13.3. UART Controller Features
5.13.4. UART Controller System Integration
5.13.5. UART Controller Signal Description
5.13.5.1. HPS I/O Pins
5.13.5.2. FPGA Routing
5.13.6. UART Controller Functional Description
5.13.6.1. FIFO Buffer Support
5.13.6.2. UART Serial Protocol
5.13.6.3. Automatic Flow Control
5.13.6.4. Clocks
5.13.6.5. Resets
5.13.6.6. UART Controller Interrupts
5.13.6.7. UART Controller DMA Controller Operation
5.13.6.7.1. Transmit FIFO Underflow
5.13.6.7.2. Transmit Watermark Level
5.13.6.7.3. Transmit FIFO Overflow
5.13.6.7.4. Receive FIFO Overflow
5.13.6.7.5. Receive Watermark Level
5.13.6.7.6. Receive FIFO Underflow
5.13.7. UART Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
5.13.8. UART Controller Design Guidelines and Example
5.14. General-Purpose I/O Interface (GPIO)
5.14.1. GPIO Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.14.2. GPIO Use Cases
5.14.3. GPIO Features
5.14.4. GPIO System Integration
5.14.5. GPIO Functional Description
5.14.5.1. Interrupts
5.14.5.2. Debounce Operation
5.14.5.3. Pin Directions
5.14.5.4. Taking the GPIO Interface Out of Reset
5.14.6. GPIO Programming Model
5.14.7. GPIO Address Map and Register Definitions
5.15. Hard Processor System I/O Pin Multiplexing
5.15.1. I/O Pin Multiplexing Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
5.15.2. I/O Pin Multiplexing Use Cases
5.15.3. I/O Pin Multiplexing Features
5.15.4. I/O Pin Multiplexing System Integration
5.15.5. I/O Pin Multiplexing Functional Description
5.15.5.1. I/O Pins
5.15.5.2. FPGA Access
5.15.5.3. I/O Control Registers
5.15.5.3.1. Dedicated Pin MUX Registers
5.15.5.3.2. Dedicated Configuration Registers
5.15.5.3.3. FPGA Access MUX Registers
5.15.5.3.4. HPS JTAG Pin MUX Register
5.15.6. I/O Pin Multiplexing Address Map and Register Definitions
5.15.7. I/O Pin Multiplexing Design Guidelines and Examples
5.15.7.1. Boundary Scan for HPS
5.15.7.2. HPS I/O Design Considerations
6. System Manager
6.1. System Manager Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
6.2. System Manager Use Cases
6.3. System Manager Features
6.4. System Manager System Integration
6.4.1. Additional Module Control
6.4.1.1. DMA Controller
6.4.1.2. NAND Flash Controller
6.4.1.3. EMAC
6.4.1.4. USB 2.0 OTG Controller
6.4.1.5. USB 3.1 Controller
6.4.1.6. NOC Registers
6.4.1.7. Boot Scratch Space
6.4.1.8. I3C Controller
6.4.1.9. SD/eMMC Controller
6.4.1.10. GPIO Interconnect Between the HPS and FPGA
6.4.1.11. Watchdog Timer
6.4.2. FPGA Interface Enables
6.4.3. ECC and Parity Control
6.4.4. Preloader Handoff Information
6.4.5. Clocks
6.4.6. Resets
6.5. System Manager Address Map and Register Definitions
7. Clock Manager
7.1. Clock Manager Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
7.2. Clock Manager Use Cases
7.2.1. A76 Core Power and Performance Trade-off
7.2.2. A55 Core Power and Performance Trade-off
7.2.3. DSU Power and Performance Trade-off
7.2.4. Peripheral Clock Generation
7.2.5. Peripheral Power Optimization
7.2.6. Clock Tree Clock Sources
7.2.7. Boot Clock
7.2.8. Power-on-reset
7.2.9. Boot Mode
7.2.10. Disable Clocks Before Reset Assertion
7.2.11. PLL Configuration using JTAG
7.3. Clock Manager Features
7.4. Clock Manager System Integration
7.4.1. Top Level of the Clock Groups
7.4.2. Clock Manager Block Diagram
7.5. Clock Manager Signal Description
7.5.1. Hardware-Managed Clocks
7.5.2. Software-Managed Clocks
7.6. Clock Manager Functional Description
7.6.1. PLL Wrapper
7.6.2. MPU/DSU and APS/CCU Clock Groups
7.6.3. PSS Clock Group
7.6.3.1. USB2OTG Clock Group
7.6.4. MPFE Clock Group
7.6.5. EMAC and XGMAC Clock Group
7.6.5.1. EMAC Clocks
7.6.5.2. XGMAC Clocks
7.6.6. USB31 Clock Group
7.6.7. SD/eMMC, NAND, and SoftPHY/ComboPHY
7.6.8. H2F User Clock Group
7.6.9. F2H User Clock Group
7.6.10. GPIO Debounce Clock Group
7.6.11. CoreSight Clocks
7.6.12. PSI Clock Group (to the SDM)
7.7. Clock Manager Programming Model
7.7.1. PLL Output Configuration for Each Speed Grade
7.7.2. Example Configuration of Registers for Default Operation (640 MHz CPU)
7.7.3. Example Configuration of Registers for Power Optimized (1000 MHz CPU)
7.7.4. Example Configuration of Registers for Performance Optimized (1800 MHz CPU)
7.7.5. Example Configuration of Registers for Power Optimized (1200 MHz CPU)
7.7.6. Summary Table of Registers Used to Program Clocks
7.8. Clock Manager Address Map and Register Definitions
7.9. Clock Manager Design Guidelines and Examples
8. Reset Manager
8.1. Reset Manager Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
8.2. Reset Manager Use Cases
8.3. Reset Manager Features
8.4. Reset Manager System Integration
8.5. Reset Manager Signal Description
8.5.1. HPS Reset Domains
8.5.2. HPS Reset Domain to Signal Mapping
8.5.3. HPS Reset Priority
8.6. Reset Manager Functional Description
8.6.1. System Reset High Level Flow
8.6.2. Hardware Reset Sequences
8.6.2.1. POR De-assertion Sequence
8.6.2.2. Reset De-assertion Sequence
8.6.2.3. HPS Idle Sequence
8.6.2.4. Reset Assertion Sequence
8.6.2.5. Wait for Reset Requests to De-assert Sequence
8.6.3. Software Reset Sequences
8.6.3.1. Normal Operation
8.6.3.2. Cold and Warm Reset Sequence
8.6.3.3. Debug Reset Sequence
8.7. Reset Manager Programming Model
8.7.1. H2F Bridge Reset Sequence
8.7.2. LWH2F Bridge Reset Sequence
8.7.3. F2H Bridge Reset Sequence
8.7.4. F2SDRAM Bridge Reset Sequence
8.7.5. HPS_COLD_nRESET Pin Function
8.7.5.1. FPGA Boot First
8.7.5.2. HPS Boot First
8.7.5.3. HPS Pin-triggered Cold Reset
8.7.5.4. HPS Mailbox-triggered Cold Reset
8.8. Reset Manager Address Map and Register Definitions
9. Power Management
9.1. Power Management Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
9.2. Power Management System Integration
9.3. Power Management Functional Description
9.3.1. DSU L3 Cache Power Gating
9.3.2. CPU Core Power Gating
9.3.3. PSS Partition Power Management
9.4. Power Management Design Guidelines and Examples
10. Address Map
10.1. Address Space Introduction
10.2. Total Address Spaces
10.2.1. Total Address Map Graphical
10.2.2. Total Address Map Tabular
10.2.3. Total Address Map for F2H and F2SDRAM
10.3. MPU Address Space
10.4. NOC: Level 3 and Level 4 Address Space
10.5. FPGA Slaves Address Space
10.6. Lightweight FPGA Slaves Address Space
10.7. FPGA-to-HPS Address Space
10.8. FPGA-to-SDRAM Address Space
11. Bridges
11.1. Bridges Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
11.2. Bridges Use Cases
11.2.1. FPGA-to-HPS Bridge
11.2.1.1. FPGA-to-HPS Initialization and Shutdown Procedure
11.2.2. HPS-to-FPGA
11.2.3. Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA
11.2.4. FPGA-to-SDRAM
11.3. Bridges Features
11.4. Bridges System Integration
11.5. Bridges Functional Description
11.5.1. FPGA-to-HPS Bridge
11.5.2. HPS-to-FPGA Bridge
11.5.3. Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge
11.5.4. FPGA-to-SDRAM Bridge
11.5.4.1. Transaction Buffer Unit Interface
11.6. Bridges Clocks and Resets
11.6.1. FPGA-to-HPS Bridge Clocks and Resets
11.6.2. HPS-to-FPGA Bridge Clocks and Resets
11.6.3. Lightweight HPS-to-FPGA Bridge Clocks and Resets
11.6.4. FPGA-to-SDRAM Clocks and Resets
11.7. Bridges Address Map and Register Definitions
11.8. Bridges Design Guidelines and Examples
11.8.1. Recommended Starting Point for Interface Designs
11.8.2. Information on How to Configure and Use the Bridges
11.8.3. Bridges Example Transactions
11.8.3.1. FPGA-to-SDRAM Direct (Cache Non-Allocate)
11.8.3.2. FPGA-to-HPS CCU to Memory (Cache Non-Allocate)
11.8.3.3. FPGA-to-HPS CCU to Memory (Cache-Allocate)
11.8.3.4. FPGA-to-HPS CCU to Peripherals (Device Non-Bufferable)
11.8.3.5. FPGA-to-HPS Example Transactions Summary
12. Interfaces
12.1. HPS Mailbox
12.1.1. HPS Mailbox Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
12.1.2. HPS Mailbox Features
12.1.3. Accessing HPS Mailbox Services
12.1.4. HPS Mailbox System Integration
12.1.5. HPS Mailbox Address Map and Register Definitions
12.2. MPFE and MPFE-lite
12.2.1. MPFE and MPFE-lite Terminology
12.2.2. MPFE and MPFE-lite Differences Among Altera SoC Families
12.2.3. MPFE and MPFE-lite Use Cases
12.2.3.1. Fabric Bypass
12.2.3.2. One 16-bit SDRAM Channel
12.2.3.3. One 32-bit SDRAM Channel
12.2.3.4. Two 16-bit SDRAM Channels Utilizing a Single IOBank
12.2.3.5. Two 16-bit or Two 32-bit SDRAM Channels Utilizing Two IOBank
12.2.3.6. Four 16-bit SDRAM Channels Utilizing Two IOBank
12.2.3.7. Supports Up to 512 GB of Memory
12.2.3.8. Supports Sideband ECC on DDR4/5
12.2.3.9. Supports Inband ECC on LPDDR4/5
12.2.4. MPFE and MPFE-lite Features
12.2.5. MPFE and MPFE-lite System Integration
12.2.5.1. Block Diagram (High Level)
12.2.5.2. IOBank Introduction
12.2.6. MPFE and MPFE-lite Functional Description
12.2.6.1. Block Diagram
12.2.6.2. Interfaces
12.2.6.3. AxUSER Bit Connectivity
12.2.6.4. Fabric Bypass
12.2.6.5. FPGA-to-SDRAM bridge
12.2.6.6. FPGA-to-HPS bridge
12.2.6.7. MPFE NoC
12.2.6.8. MPFE-lite / MPFE-lite NoC
12.2.6.9. Address Gap Glue Logic
12.2.6.10. Resets Circuitry
12.2.6.11. Clocks Circuitry
12.2.6.12. Preserving SDRAM contents
12.2.7. MPFE and MPFE-lite Address Map and Register Definitions
12.3. EMAC GMII through FPGA Fabric
12.3.1. GMII to RGMII through RGMII adapter via FPGA HVIOs
12.3.1.1. Use Cases
12.3.1.2. System Integration
12.3.1.3. Architecture
12.3.1.3.1. HPS GMII to RGMII Adapter IP
12.3.1.3.2. MDIO Management Interface
12.3.1.3.3. Timestamp Interface
12.3.1.3.4. RGMII HVIO Pin Assignment
12.3.1.4. Programming Model
12.3.1.5. RGMII Design Guidelines
12.3.1.5.1. Utilize FPGA Programmable IOE Delay Feature
12.3.1.5.2. Configure External PHY RGMII-Internal Delay (RGMII-ID)
12.3.1.5.3. Introduce Board Trace Delay
12.3.2. GMII to SGMII+ through Multirate Ethernet PHY Adapter via FPGA Transceiver
12.3.2.1. Use Cases
12.3.2.2. Architecture
12.3.2.2.1. GMII Adapter
12.3.2.2.2. SGMII Bridge
12.3.2.3. Clocks
12.3.2.4. Reset
12.3.2.5. Deterministic Latency
12.3.2.5.1. Calculating Latency
12.3.2.6. Serial Interface Signals
12.3.3. GMII to SGMII through Triple-Speed Ethernet IP via FPGA LVDS I/O
12.3.3.1. Use Cases
12.3.3.2. System Integration
12.3.3.3. Architecture
12.3.3.4. Auto-Negotiation
12.3.3.5. Deterministic Latency
12.3.3.5.1. Calculating Latency
12.3.3.6. Reset
13. System Interconnect and Firewalls
13.1. System Interconnect and Firewalls Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
13.2. System Interconnect and Firewalls Features
13.3. System Interconnect and Firewalls System Integration
13.4. System Interconnect and Firewalls Functional Description
13.4.1. Initiator and Target Connectivity
13.4.2. Firewall and Security
13.4.2.1. Initiator Firewall and Security
13.4.2.2. Target Firewall and Security
13.4.2.3. F2H Bridge Firewall
13.4.2.4. MPFE Firewalls
13.4.2.4.1. CCU-to-DDR Firewalls (MPU Firewall and F2H Firewall)
13.4.2.4.2. Initiator-to-CSR Firewall
13.4.2.4.3. F2SDRAM Firewall
13.4.2.4.4. MPFE Firewall Example
13.4.2.5. Other Firewalls
13.4.3. Transaction Privilege
13.4.4. Arbitration and Quality-of-Service
13.4.4.1. Priority Levels
13.4.4.2. Urgency and Pressure Signals
13.4.4.3. Passing QOS across NoCs
13.4.4.4. QoS Generators
13.4.4.5. Configuring the Quality of Service Logic
13.4.4.6. Programming QoS Limiter Mode
13.4.4.7. Programming QoS Regulator Mode
13.4.4.8. Programming QoS Fixed Mode
13.4.4.9. Bandwidth and Saturation
13.4.4.10. QoS Programming Examples
13.4.4.10.1. Example: One Initiator Always Takes Precedence
13.4.4.10.2. Example: Tuning for Specific Throughput Requirements
13.4.5. Observation Network
13.4.5.1. Interconnect Probes Generators
13.4.5.2. Packet Tracing, Profiling, Statistics, Alarms, and Error Logs
13.4.6. System Interconnect Clocks
13.4.7. System Interconnect Resets
13.5. System Interconnect and Firewalls Address Map and Register Definitions
14. Error Checking and Correction Controller
14.1. ECC Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
14.2. ECC Controller Use Cases
14.3. ECC Controller Features
14.4. ECC Supported Memories
14.5. ECC Controller System Integration
14.6. ECC Controller Functional Description
14.6.1. ECC Structure
14.6.1.1. RAM and ECC Memory Organization Example
14.6.2. Memory Data Initialization
14.6.3. Indirect Memory Access
14.6.3.1. Watchdog Timer
14.6.3.2. Data Correction
14.6.3.3. Error Injection
14.6.3.4. Memory Testing
14.6.3.4.1. Register Interface Tests
14.6.3.4.1.1. Single-Bit Error Test for Word-Writeable Memories
14.6.3.4.1.2. Double-Bit Error Test
14.6.4. Error Checking and Correction Algorithm
14.6.5. Error Logging
14.6.5.1. Recent Error Address Registers
14.6.5.2. Single-Bit Error Occurrence
14.6.5.3. Single-Bit Error Look-Up Table
14.6.6. ECC Controller Interrupts
14.6.6.1. Single-Bit Error Interrupts
14.6.6.1.1. All Single-Bit Error Interrupt
14.6.6.1.2. LUT Overflow Interrupt
14.6.6.1.3. Counter Match Interrupt
14.6.6.2. Double-Bit Error Interrupt
14.6.6.3. Interrupt Testing
14.6.7. ECC Controller Initialization and Configuration
14.6.8. ECC Controller Clocks
14.6.9. ECC Controller Reset
14.7. ECC Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
15. CoreSight Debug and Trace
15.1. CoreSight Debug and Trace Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
15.2. CoreSight Debug and Trace Use Cases
15.2.1. CPU Static Debug
15.2.2. CPU Trace using Embedded Trace Macrocell
15.3. CoreSight Debug and Trace Features
15.3.1. Debug
15.3.1.1. CPU Performance Events
15.3.1.2. Cross Triggers
15.3.2. Trace
15.3.2.1. System Trace Macrocell
15.3.2.2. NoC Trace
15.4. CoreSight Debug and Trace System Integration
15.5. CoreSight Debug and Trace Functional Description
15.5.1. Debug APB
15.5.1.1. ROM Tables & Topology Detection
15.5.1.2. DAP SWJ-DP JTAG I/O Connectivity
15.5.1.3. DAP SWJ-DP Debug Clock Enable Request
15.5.1.4. Debug Reset
15.5.1.4.1. Debug Reset Request via Reset Manager CSR
15.5.1.4.2. Debug Reset Request via DAP SWJ-DP
15.5.1.4.3. Debug Reset Limitation
15.5.1.5. DAP SWJ-DP TargetID
15.5.1.6. DAP TDO Output to SDM in Daisy Chain Mode
15.5.2. Trace Subsystem
15.5.2.1. Embedded Trace Macrocell (ETM)
15.5.2.2. System Trace Macrocell (STM)
15.5.2.3. PSS NOC and MPFE NOC
15.5.2.4. AMBA Trace Bus (ATB)
15.5.2.5. Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU)
15.5.2.6. Embedded Trace FIFO (ETF)
15.5.2.7. Embedded Trace Router (ETR)
15.5.2.8. ATB IDs
15.5.2.9. NOC Trace Observability
15.5.2.9.1. Error Probes
15.5.2.9.2. Packet Probes
15.5.2.9.3. Transaction Probes
15.5.2.10. STM HWEVENT Connectivity
15.5.3. Cross Triggers
15.5.3.1. CTI-GT
15.5.3.2. CTI-NOC
15.5.3.3. CTI-5
15.5.3.4. CTI-FPGA
15.5.3.5. CTI-MPU
15.5.4. Timestamp
15.5.4.1. Timestamp Interpolater
15.5.5. Embedded Cross Trigger System
15.5.5.1. Cross Trigger Interface
15.5.5.2. Cross Trigger Matrix
15.5.6. FPGA Interface
15.5.6.1. DAP
15.5.6.2. System Trace Macrocell (STM)
15.5.6.3. CTI-FPGA
15.5.6.4. Trace Port Interface Unit (TPIU)
15.5.6.5. CoreSight Debug and Trace Clocks
15.5.6.6. CoreSight Debug and Trace Resets
15.5.7. Interrupts
15.6. CoreSight Debug and Trace Programming Model
15.6.1. CoreSight Component Address
15.6.2. CTI Trigger Connections to Outside the Debug System
15.6.2.1. CTI
15.6.2.2. FPGA-CTI
15.6.2.3. L3-CTI
15.6.3. Configuring Embedded Cross-Trigger Connections
15.6.3.1. Configuring Trigger Input 0
15.6.3.2. Triggering a Flush of Trace Data to the TPIU
15.6.3.3. Triggering an STM Message
15.6.3.4. Triggering a Breakpoint on CPU 1
15.7. CoreSight Debug and Trace Address Map and Register Definitions
16. HPS Register Map
A. Appendix
A.1. Booting and Configuration
A.1.1. Booting and Configuration Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
A.1.2. Booting and Configuration Features
A.1.3. Booting and Configuration FPGA Configuration First Mode Overview
A.1.4. Booting and Configuration HPS Boot First Mode Overview
A.1.5. Booting and Configuration Device Response to External Configuration and Reset Events
A.2. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller
A.2.1. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
A.2.2. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Use Cases
A.2.2.1. Feature Availability under SDM/HPS Ownership of Quad SPI Controller
A.2.3. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Features
A.2.4. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller System Integration
A.2.5. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Signal Description
A.2.6. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Functional Description
A.2.6.1. Data Target Interface
A.2.6.1.1. Direct Access Mode
A.2.6.1.1.1. Data Target Remapping Example
A.2.6.1.1.2. AHB
A.2.6.1.2. Indirect Access Mode
A.2.6.1.2.1. Indirect Read Operation
A.2.6.1.2.2. Indirect Write Operation
A.2.6.1.2.3. Consecutive Reads and Writes
A.2.6.2. Register Target Interface
A.2.6.2.1. STIG Operation
A.2.6.3. Local Memory Buffer
A.2.6.4. Arbitration between Direct/Indirect Access Controller and STIG
A.2.6.5. Configuring the Flash Device
A.2.6.6. Write Protection
A.2.6.7. Data Target Sequential Access Detection
A.2.6.8. Clocks
A.2.6.9. Resets
A.2.6.10. Interrupts
A.2.7. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Programming Model
A.2.7.1. Setting Up the QSPI Flash Controller
A.2.7.2. Indirect Read Operation
A.2.7.3. Indirect Write Operation
A.2.8. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Address Map and Register Definitions
A.2.9. HPS Use of SDM QSPI Controller Design Guidelines and Examples
A.2.9.1. Ownership and Control of Quad SPI Controller
A.2.9.2. Using a Single Flash for both FPGA Configuration and HPS Mass Storage
A.2.9.3. Pin Features and Connections for SDM QSPI
A.3. Security
A.3.1. Security Differences Among Altera SoC Device Families
A.3.2. ARM Security ISA
A.3.3. Secure Device Manager
A.3.4. Configuration Bitstream
A.3.5. HPS Secure Boot
A.3.6. HPS Debug
A.3.7. Available Security Documentation
A.4. Operational Status of the HPS to the FPGA Logic
A.4.1. Overview
A.4.1.1. SDM Gated Signals
A.4.1.2. HPS Events
A.4.1.3. FPGA Events
A.4.2. Software Requirements
A.4.2.1. FPGA Boot First Mode
A.4.2.2. HPS Boot First Mode
A.4.3. Signal Behavior Event Diagrams
A.4.3.1. FPGA User Mode Entry
A.4.3.2. HPS Warm Reset Event
A.4.3.3. HPS Cold Reset Event
A.4.3.4. Watchdog Causes HPS Warm Reset Event
A.4.3.5. Watchdog Causes HPS Cold Reset Event
A.4.4. SDM Gated Signals